Korean Traditional Game · 한국 전통 놀이

윷놀이

Yutnori

A 1,500-year-old board game played across Korea every Lunar New Year. Four sticks. Four pieces. One board.

01 — Introduction

What is Yutnori?

Yutnori (윷놀이) is a traditional Korean board game dating back to the Baekje kingdom (~18 BCE – 660 CE). It is played by tossing four wooden sticks — called yut (윷) — and moving pieces around a board based on the result.

The game is most popular during Seollal (Lunar New Year) and Chuseok (Harvest Festival), played by families gathered together. The loud clatter of the sticks and the cheers after each throw are as much a part of the experience as the game itself.

2–4

Players

4

Yut sticks

4

Pieces per team

~20m

Game length

02 — Equipment

The Pieces

Yut Sticks

Four semi-cylindrical wooden sticks — flat on one side, rounded on the other. Toss all four and count how many land flat-side up. The short stick (단) is special — it determines 빽도 when only one lands flat.

빽도

−1 step

+1 step

+2 steps

+3 steps

+4 steps

+5 steps

Game Pieces

Each team has 4 pieces, called mal (말, "horse"). First team to get all 4 around the board wins.

Team A

Team B

03 — The Board

The Board말판

중앙

Outer Track

The board has 20 squares around the perimeter. Pieces start at 하 (Ha) — the bottom-right corner — and travel counter-clockwise back to the same point.

Corners (모)

Three corners are marked . Landing exactly on one activates a shortcut through the center, cutting diagonally across the board.

Center (중앙)

The center connects all three diagonal shortcuts. Pieces passing through exit near the start, reaching home faster than the outer track.

Shortcut

Dashed lines on the board

Landing exactly on a corner activates the shortcut. Overshooting keeps you on the outer track.

04 — Rules

How to Play

1

Decide turn order

Each team throws once. The higher result goes first. Ties are re-thrown.

2

Throw the yut sticks

Toss all four sticks. Count how many land flat-side up to get your result — 도(1), 개(2), 걸(3), 윷(4), or 모(5). 빽도 moves backwards.

3

Move a piece

Choose any piece and advance it by the number of steps rolled. You may enter a new piece from the bench or advance one already on the board.

4

Extra throws for 윷 and 모

Rolling 윷 (4) or 모 (5) earns an extra throw. You can use extra throws on different pieces.

5

Capturing an enemy piece

Land on an enemy square to capture it — sending it back to the bench. Capturing also earns a bonus throw.

6

Winning

First team to move all 4 pieces past the finish line (하) wins. Pieces don't need to land exactly — overshooting is fine.

Interactive

Throw the Yut

Click the button to toss all four sticks. The short stick (단) is special — it determines whether you get 도 or 빽도 when only one lands flat.

05 — Special Rules

Special Rules

These three rules create most of the drama in any game of yutnori.

빽도Backdo
Move backward

When one specific combination appears — one flat, but only the shorter stick — the active piece moves backward by one space. If no piece is on the board, the throw is lost.

업기Stacking
Ride together

If your piece lands on a friendly piece, they stack and move as one unit. Capture a stack and all pieces in it are sent home at once — high risk, high reward.

잡기Capturing
Send them home

Land exactly on an enemy piece to capture it. They return to the bench. As a reward, the capturing team earns a free extra throw — turning the enemy's bad luck into your momentum.

The comeback mechanic

Capturing always grants a bonus throw — so a team far behind can close the gap quickly. No game is truly over until the last piece crosses the finish line.

Play it

Move the Pieces

Two teams, four pieces each. Throw the yut, select a piece from the board or bench, then confirm your move. Land on an enemy to capture — and earn a free throw.

중앙

Red Team's Turn

Throw the yut to begin!

Red Team

Blue Team